摘要Abstract | 新經濟時代下,環境績效資訊係攸關公司價值的一項重要資訊(FASB 2001)。本研究旨在探討我國「證券發行人財務報告編製準則」規範所要求揭露之環保支出資訊,是否具有價值攸關性。以民國80年至88年間具有潛在環保風險的上市公司進行分析,研究結果發現:依據「證券發行人財務報告編製準則」所要求揭露之環保支出資訊中,「公司當年度因污染環境所遭受損失及處分金額」、與「公司因污染環境所遭受損失及處分金額的變動數」與公司股價有顯著的負向關係,表示股市投資人會考量公司的違法活動或污染紀錄,而判斷公司可能承擔的環境負債,進而給予公司較差的評價。其次,「公司有無未來因應對策」及「公司未來環保資本支出」均與公司股價未呈顯著的正向關係,可能原因係會計師僅針對「最近兩年度因污染環境所受損失(包括賠償)及處分之金額」執行複核程序,而揭露之環境污染防治未來因應對策及環保資本支出等未來性資訊則未經驗證,導致此一主觀資訊的可靠性與合理性令人質疑。本研究結果可提供實務界參考,公司可考慮積極充分揭露有關環境目標、策略、未來規劃及過去環保規劃的執行成效,俾使公司資訊更具透明度,並對企業形象有所助益。此外,本研究亦建議主管機關對環保支出資訊的揭露格式與內容作一通盤檢討,或訂立罰則,俾提升環保支出資訊的揭露品質。Many studies explored analysts’ forecast error type; however, the results were mixed. All of the over optimism, over-reaction, and under-reaction types were supported. Based on psychology’s heuristic viewpoint, this study explores analysts’ and management’ earnings forecast error type. In addition, the relationship between the earnings level and forecast error is investigated. Our results, according to the forecasted data from year 1998 to 2002 in Taiwan security market, support the overly optimistic forecast error type and the significantly negative relationship between earnings level and overly optimistic forecast error. After controlling the earnings level, the explanation ability of regression model was significantly increased and the finding of optimistic forecast error still existed. |